Scientific studies prove that the "Mediterranean Diet", in which vegetables and fruits are consumed abundantly, red meat is considerably reduced, and fish and olive oil are at the forefront, preventing the development of many types of cancer, especially colon cancer. Yeditepe University Kozyatağı Hospital Gastroenterology Specialist Prof. Dr. Meltem Ergün emphasized that as a result of long-follow-up studies conducted in the USA, England, and Spain, it was determined that the type of diet that prevents the development of colon cancer is the Mediterranean diet.

Emphasizing that abundant vegetables and fruits help reduce the development of cancer with their antioxidant structure, Prof. Dr. Meltem Ergün gave the following information: “Butter and margarine are not used in Mediterranean cuisine, olive oil is consumed quite a lot, and spices are used instead of salt. Lots of raw and cooked vegetables and fruits are eaten every day. 5-6 servings of fish and chicken are consumed per week. Red meat is consumed several times a month.”

Screening Should Be Started From the Age of 45

Stating that new scientific publications recommend colonoscopy screenings from the age of 45, Prof. Dr. Meltem Ergün gave the following information: “Another way to prevent colon cancer is to have regular check-ups. In individuals without any complaints, screening should begin at the age of 45. In those with a family history of colon cancer, screening should begin 10 years before the age of onset. For example, if the patient's father was diagnosed with colon cancer at the age of 50, his son should have a colonoscopy at the age of 40. In addition, the presence of blood in the stool, change in toilet habits, involuntary weight loss, and anemia of unknown cause are alarming symptoms and require an immediate colonoscopy.”

A colonoscopy for screening is performed to detect and remove polyps (nevi) that are precursors to cancer in the colon. Reminding that if these polyps are not removed, there is a possibility of them turning into colon cancer in 5-10 years, Prof. Dr. Meltem Ergün said, “The risk is zeroed out when the polyps are removed. If polyps are not detected, a repeat colonoscopy is not required for 10 years. However, patients with polyps should continue their colonoscopy follow-up every 2-3 years, despite the possibility of new polyps appearing.”

To prevent colon cancer;

• Apply a Mediterranean diet
• Increase your physical activity (sports with light sweating for half an hour a day)
• Drink plenty of water (2-3 liters per day)
• Avoid smoking and alcohol
• Have regular screening (colonoscopy) from the age of 45