Myoma, which is an important problem in terms of female reproductive health, is the problem of one in every five women over the age of 35. Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist Prof. Dr. Rukset Attar pointed out that the size of myomas may increase, especially during pregnancy.
The fibroids, which are among the most common tumors in the pelvis in women, increase especially with age. Myomas, which manifest themselves with symptoms such as severe pain, menstrual irregularities, frequent urination, constipation, pelvic pain, and pain during intercourse, are important in terms of creating problems up to infertility as well as the problems they cause. Noting that although it is seen so frequently, myomas sometimes do not give any symptoms, Yeditepe University Kozyatağı Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist Prof. Dr. Rukset Attar warned that some signs should be paid attention to, especially during pregnancy;

“Myomas can grow due to increased estrogen levels during pregnancy. After scientific studies, the effects of myomas, which are determined to be seen at a rate of 1.6 to 10.7 percent during pregnancy, on pregnancy vary depending on the week of pregnancy, the location, and the size of the myomas. While they may not cause any complaints, they may cause complaints such as pain, bleeding, and a feeling of pressure in the pelvis. Sometimes it can lead to miscarriage and premature birth. It can prevent vaginal birth by blocking the birth canal, and sometimes it can cause postpartum bleeding.”
Prof. Dr. Rukset Attar continued: Early menstruation, red meat consumption, alcohol use, vitamin D deficiency, age, family history of myoma, and hypertension are among the risk factors.

Myomas Can Be Spotted Randomly

Indicating that myomas can cause infertility by pressing on the tubes and the cervix, Prof. Dr. Rukset Attar explained the complaints that may occur: “Myomas can cause menstrual complaints such as menstrual irregularity, excessive menstrual bleeding, prolonged periods, and lowering the clot during menstruation. They can cause anemia due to excessive bleeding. Myomas may enlarge and cause swelling in the abdomen, feelings of pressure and pain in the pelvis, pain during intercourse, frequent urination by pressing on the bladder, and constipation by pressing on the intestines. In addition, some myomas can lead to premature birth or postpartum bleeding by disrupting the contraction of the uterus. They can also cause infertility by pressing on the tubes and cervix.”
Myomas always indicate that they do not give symptoms, Prof. Dr. Rukset Attar said, “Sometimes a person with no complaints can also be diagnosed with a myoma during an abdominal ultrasound or MRI or tomography for a gynecological examination, ultrasound or another complaint.”

Treatment Varies According to Complaints

Depending on the number, location, and size of the myomas, the patient's complaints and the woman's fertility status, medical treatment, surgical treatment, ultrasound or uterine artery embolization can also be applied. In women who are considering IVF treatment, it can be planned according to the patient's age, ovarian reserve, number, size, and location of myomas, and myoma operation can be planned after embryos are obtained and embryos are frozen with IVF treatment. Prof. Dr. Rukset Attar added that it will be decided how the process will work according to the patient's age, location, size of the myoma, and the patient's ovarian reserve.
Stating that the surgical decision in the treatment of myoma is made according to some criteria, Prof. Dr. Rukset Attar listed these criteria as follows: “If the myoma leads to excessive bleeding, leads to infertility, miscarriage or premature birth, presses on the bladder or large intestine, grows rapidly, suspects malignant tumor (malignancy) that is likely to turn into cancer, myomas should be removed by surgery without losing time.”

There is a Risk of Recurrence

Yeditepe University Hospitals Gynecology and Obstetrics, IVF Specialist Prof. Dr. Rukset Attar remarked that all visible fibroids can be removed in myoma surgery called a myomectomy. However, over time, new myomas can form. However, since there is no uterus in people whose uterus is removed (hysterectomy), uterine fibroids do not recur.