Endometriosis implies a condition characterized by presence of endometrium – the innermost lining of uterine cavity – in any other part of body other than uterus. The most common sign is pelvic pain that aggravates especially in periods, but infertility is also detected in around 30-50% of patients with endometriosis.

Endometriosis lesions may cause scar formation in the future by triggering inflammation at the location of origin. Moreover, they may result in bleeding at the location of endometriosis during periods.

Several theories are suggested for infertility in cases of endometriosis:

The inflammation caused by endometriosis result in release of cytokines that make fertilization difficult by influencing sperms and eggs.
Scar formation and adhesion leads to blockage of the tubes.
If located over ovarian tissue, endometriosis challenges the ovulation, resulting in difficulty releasing the egg.
There are two treatment options for endometriosis: medical treatment and surgery. In vitro fertilization is a viable option for patients who suffer from infertility due to endometriosis.