What is Obesity?

Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the body, which can lead to serious physical and metabolic health problems (type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure (hypertension), cholesterol disorders, cardiovascular diseases, sleep apnea and respiratory problems, joint disorders and limited mobility, certain types of cancer (breast, uterine, colon), depression, and loss of self-esteem). Obesity rates worldwide are increasing every year, and this rise has not only lowered quality of life but also become a leading cause of many chronic diseases.

Obesity Treatment Methods

The goal of obesity treatment is to provide permanent and healthy weight loss to reduce the health risks mentioned above. Treatment options are as follows:

• Medical Nutrition Therapy (Diet)
• Physical Activity and Exercise Programs
• Behavioral Therapy
• Drug Treatment
• Surgical Methods (Bariatric surgery)
• Non-Surgical Endoscopic Methods

What is Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG)?

Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG) is a non-surgical, endoscopic procedure that reduces stomach volume without any external incisions.
In this procedure, special sutures are placed inside the stomach via an endoscope inserted through the mouth, reshaping and reducing the stomach into a "tube" form.

This allows the individual to:

• Consume less food,
• Feel full for a longer period,
• Manage the weight loss process more easily.

Who is Suitable for Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG)?

🔹 Individuals with a Body Mass Index (BMI) between 30–40,
🔹 Those who cannot achieve permanent weight loss with diet and exercise,
🔹 Individuals who do not want or are not suitable for surgical intervention,
🔹 Those willing to change their eating habits,
🔹 Individuals who need to lose weight due to chronic conditions (diabetes, hypertension).

How is Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG) Performed?

Procedure Steps:

• It is performed under general anesthesia (the patient is asleep and feels no pain).
• The stomach is narrowed from the inside using an endoscopic suturing system.
• Stomach volume is reduced by approximately 60–70% on average.
• There are no incisions or external interventions.
• The procedure lasts about 60–90 minutes.
• Discharge occurs on the same day or the following day.

How Much Weight Can Be Lost with Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG)?

Results vary from person to person, but typically:
• 10–15% of excess weight in the first 6 months,
• 15–20% in 12 months.
• With a healthy diet and lifestyle changes, this rate can increase further.

What Are the Advantages of Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG)?

Non-Surgical
No incisions, scarring, or external intervention.

Lower Risk
Carries fewer complication risks compared to surgical procedures.

Fast Recovery
Patients are generally discharged within 1 day after the procedure.

Reversible
If necessary, the sutures can be removed.

Improves Quality of Life
Weight loss often leads to improvement in many health issues.